If it can go deeper into the body, it can cause more health problems. Pdf particulate matter pm is one of the problems faced in environmental science. Air pollution is the human introduction of chemicals, particulate matter, or biological materials that cause harm or discomfort to humans or other living things. Particulate matter can be released from different types of human activities such as vehicle emissions, smoke particles, dust particles, and ash from industries.
Particulate matter pm, also called particle pollution, is a general term for extremely small particles and liquid droplets in the atmosphere. The pollutants for which south africa has set air quality limits include particulate matter, sulphur dioxide, nitrogen dioxide, carbon monoxide, lead, ozone, benzene, and the deposition of dust. In fact, particulate matter may be the air pollutant that most commonly affects peoples health. Indiana department of management criteria pollutants. Criteria air pollutants air pollution contributes to a wide variety of adverse health effects. This paper summarizes the evidence about the health effects of air pollution from particulate matter and their.
Up to 80% of particulate air pollution in eecca countries can be reduced with currently available technologies 31. Health effects of particulate matter final eng whoeurope world. Despite uncertainty in the pm background levels in the uae due to frequent dust storms, they concluded that anthropogenic pollutants are a considerable public health risk in terms of premature death. Chapter 3 air quality standards and objectives at a glance air quality limits and thresholds are fundamental to effective air quality management. Spatial and temporal variations of gaseous and particulate.
Implementation of diesel particulate filter technology in underground metal and nonmetal mines a. The presence of these pollutants in ambient air is generally due to numerous diverse and widespread sources of emissions. Atmospheric particulate pollutants and their relationship with meteorology in ahmedabad b. Consequences of air pollution co 2 is a good transmitter of sunlight, but it also partially restricts infrared radiation going back from the earth into space, which produces the socalled greenhouse effect that prevents a drastic cooling of the earth during the night increasing the amount of co 2 in the atmosphere. Therefore, onboard measurements of pollutants emitted from 12 different fishing boats in china including gill net, angling, and trawler boats were carried out in this study to investigate emission factors efs, characteristics and total. Air pollution can also cause damages to the natural environment and to the atmosphere. Pollutants from fishing boats have generally been neglected worldwide, and there is an acute shortage of measured emission data, especially in china. Pm is a complex mixture of air borne particles that differ in size, origin and chemical composition, all of which are pdf page to learn more about pdf files. Indiana operates an extensive monitoring network to gather data on levels of criteria air pollutants in. Document resume control techniques for particulate air. The format should be the same as these cards description.
Health effects of particulate matter final eng unece. Modelling and assessment of the health impact of particulate matter and. The reduction of outdoor air pollutants in general, and pm in particular, requires concerted action by public authorities, industry and individuals at national, regional and even international levels. Pdf particulate matter pm is both a major driver of climate change and a source of toxicity for health. Implementation of diesel particulate filter technology in. Exposure to particle pollution is a public health hazard when inhaled, particle pollution can travel deep into the lungs and cause or aggravate heart and lung diseases exposure to particle pollution causes increases in. A particulate pollutant is a microscopic or microscopic liquid and solid particles present in the form of the suspension in the air. Also called particulate matter or pm, particle pollution is a mixture of solid particles and liquid droplets found in the air. A technical consideration of the most important types of gas cleaning devices forms a major segment of the document, while sections on source. Spatial and temporal variations of gaseous and particulate pollutants in six sites in tibet, china, during 20162017 pengfei chen1, shichang kang1,2, junhua yang1, tao pu1, chaoliu li2,3, junming guo1, lekhendra tripathee1 1 state key laboratory of cryospheric science, northwest institute of ecoenvironment and resources, chinese academy. An aqi value of 100 generally corresponds to the national ambient air quality standard naaqs for. Chapter 10 air quality department of environmental affairs. Ambient air quality limits serve to indicate what levels of exposure to pollution are generally safe for most people, including the very young and the elderly, over their lifetimes.
Particulate matter and related pollutants in a changing. Patts national institute for occupational safety and health, pittsburgh research laboratory, pittsburgh, pennsylvania, usa. Particulate matter in the united kingdom uk air department for. Particulate matter policy assessment for the national ambient air quality standards naaqs. Atmospheric particulate pollutants and their relationship. The air quality impacts of the pollutants that are produced by power generating activities are largely felt in the province of mpumalanga where most of the coal reserves lie. June 1999 compendium of methods for inorganic air pollutants page 1. The health impacts of the criteria pollutants, for which limits have been set, are briefly described. Particulate pollution can occur directly or indirectly from a number of sources including, but not limited to. Air quality action days for particulate matter can occur anytime of the year. Epa has established national ambient air quality standards naaqs for six of the most common air pollutants carbon monoxide, lead, ground level ozone, particulate matter, nitrogen dioxide, and sulfur. Particle pollution also called particulate matter or pm is the term for a mixture of solid particles.
The main pollutants found in the air we breathe include, particulate matter, pahs, lead, groundlevel ozone, heavy metals, sulphur dioxide, benzene, carbon monoxide and nitrogen dioxide european public health alliance, 2009. Particulate matter pm, also called particle pollution, is a general term for extremely small particles and liquid droplets in the. Particulate matter policy assessment for the national. They are a kind of air pollution called particles or particulate matter. This publication may be reproduced free of charge in any format or medium provided that it is reproduced accurately and not used in a misleading context. Specifically, research is sought on the changing spatiotemporal patterns or environmental impacts of particulate matter in the united states, the challenges that various aspects of global change pose for the management of particulate matter and related pollutants, the rates and timescales at which global change can impact united states air. Health aspects of air pollution with particulate matter. Doctor and emergency room visits hospital admissions. Exposure to particulates of any size and composition may occur acutely.
Particulate matter and outdoor air pollution healthlinkbc file. Particulate matter pm refers to small solid or liquid particles floating in the air. June 1999 compendium of methods for inorganic air pollutants page 3. Particulate matter from natural sources and related reporting under. Realworld emission factors of gaseous and particulate. Air pollution in cities causes a shorter lifespan for city dwellers progressive insurance, 2005. Particulate matter pollution in the united arab emirates. Mehta1,2 1 indian centre for climate and societal impacts research, ahmedabad, india380009 2 center for research on the changing earth system, maryland, u.